Add ASAN CI build workflow

[Alex-PLACET]

Description

Add ASAN tests and fix ASAN errors

[codspeed-hq]

Merging this PR will degrade performance by 15.05%

❌ 8 regressed benchmarks
✅ 247 untouched benchmarks

Warning

Please fix the performance issues or acknowledge them on CodSpeed.

Performance Changes

	Mode	Benchmark	BASE	HEAD	Efficiency
❌	Simulation	view_assign_view_noalias[float]	38.4 µs	49.5 µs	-22.45%
❌	Simulation	xshape_access[xt\:\:svector<std\:\:size_t, 4>]	125 ns	154.2 ns	-18.92%
❌	Simulation	xexpression_cube[256]	608.7 µs	709 µs	-14.15%
❌	Simulation	xexpression_cube[64]	41.6 µs	48.1 µs	-13.4%
❌	Simulation	xtensor<double, 2>][64]	85.6 µs	98.5 µs	-13.1%
❌	Simulation	xtensor<double, 2>][32]	22.7 µs	26.1 µs	-13.09%
❌	Simulation	xtensor<double, 2>][256]	1.3 ms	1.5 ms	-13.06%
❌	Simulation	xexpression_cube[32]	13.2 µs	15 µs	-11.64%

Tip

Investigate this regression by commenting @codspeedbot fix this regression on this PR, or directly use the CodSpeed MCP with your agent.

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_{Comparing Alex-PLACET:add_asan_ci_build (7d113ee) with master (dd857e5)}